In a previous article, we discussed the second prong of the Howey test – a “common enterprise” – and the US Circuit Courts’ fragmentation on the issue and lack of uniform definition. In this third and final part of our series pulling apart the Howey Test, we’re looking at the third and fourth prongs of…
In a previous article, we discussed the first prong of the Howey test – an “investment of money” – through the lens of so-called ‘airdrops’. Moving on to the second prong – a “common enterprise” – requires us to take a step back and consider multiple angles. While courts, generally, have been quick to find…
Breaking: Texas Judge Blocks Proposed 2016 DOL Overtime Law On November 23, 2016, a federal Judge in Texas issued an order temporarily barring the Department of Labor (“DOL”) from enforcing its much-publicized new overtime rule, just over one week before the rule’s December 1 effective date. As explained HERE, the new rule would have represented…
Independent Contractor or Employee? How to Legally Classify Workers Virtually every young company struggles to properly classify workers as independent contractors or employees. Initially, when everyone involved in a startup is working on a part-time basis and pursuing other interests, it is easier to justify an independent contractor designation for most workers. But as the…
Founder disputes are one of the most common risks to a young company, but it doesn’t have to be that way. Whether it is a disagreement over a core issue or the waning interest some experience along the startup road, most companies face turnover in their early days, with key players rotating in and out….
Both C-Corporations and S-Corporations are, at their core, corporations that are formed at the state level. The formation process, structure, and governance are usually identical for both. The two big differences are: Tax law is what sets the differences between C-Corporations and S-Corporations. In fact, the name of each comes from Subchapter ‘C’ and Subchapter…
An S-Corporation can provide significant Federal income tax savings over a C-Corporation. A common question that arises is, “If the benefits are so obvious, why aren’t all corporations S-Corps?” Due to the benefits, the IRS places restrictions on S-Corporation ownership, including the types of shares that the corporation can issue and the types of shareholders…
Understanding Corporate Structures: A Guide to C-Corporations and S-Corporations Tax Implications Tax law sets the difference between the C-Corporation and an S-Corporation. When a corporation is formed at the state level, the C-Corporation is the default. The C-Corporation can then, voluntarily, file an election form with the IRS (Form 2553) to become an S-Corporation. Once…
The Corporation is rigid in how it is structured and run. This is due to laws, rules, and general practices that have existed and worked well for years. The great thing about a corporate structure is that it scales very well. From the smallest of companies to the largest enterprises – there is a common…
Here is a video link to Dun & Bradstreet’s hangout session from January 22, featuring Jeffrey Bekiares. This session features insights into what makes a successful crowdfunding campaign–including rewards and equity based. Jeff’s perspective focuses equity crowdfunding and crafting the right approach to a winning campaign. Equity crowdfunding is similar to rewards in many ways, in…
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